SWE-Duel

SWE-Duel ranks frontier coding models in adversarial Red-Blue duels.

1400

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1550

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Rank

Entrant

Elo rating

Cost / match

Output Tokens / match

GPT-5.5Codex CLIOpenAI

1572.3[1509.1, 1638.7]

$57.86

118K

▸

Modelopenai/gpt-5.5HarnessCodex CLIReasoning effortmediumProvider(auto-route)

Match record

8W · 1D · 2Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 11
League points: 8.5
Elo (overall): 1572.3
Elo as Red: 1264.8
Elo as Blue: 1857.6
TrueSkill: 31.59 ± 3.23

Duel outcomes

97.0%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 18
Defenses broken (Blue): 4
Defense success: 97.0%
Turns defended: 135

Cost & tokens

$636.41total spend

Generation: $135.93
Validation: $47.54
Match play: $452.94
Cost per match: $57.86
Median cost / turn: $2.87
Output tokens: 1.29M
Tokens per match: 117,630
Median output / turn: 6,268

Strength diagnostics

#3median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 3
95% rank interval: 1–6
Match-level BT: +2.08
Contested BT: +0.14

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 1,000 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank. Median 3; 95% interval 1–6 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

42%

27%

16%

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rank

Claude Opus 4.8mini-swe-agentAnthropic

1563.4[1488.1, 1635.8]

$20.78

115K

▸

Modelanthropic/claude-opus-4.8Harnessmini-swe-agentReasoning efforthighProvider(auto-route)

Match record

8W · 0D · 3Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 11
League points: 8.0
Elo (overall): 1563.4
Elo as Red: 1441.5
Elo as Blue: 1669.4
TrueSkill: 31.43 ± 3.32

Duel outcomes

82.1%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 43
Defenses broken (Blue): 24
Defense success: 82.1%
Turns defended: 134

Cost & tokens

$228.59total spend

Generation: $34.04
Validation: $23.07
Match play: $171.49
Cost per match: $20.78
Median cost / turn: $0.88
Output tokens: 1.27M
Tokens per match: 115,349
Median output / turn: 6,112.0

Strength diagnostics

#3median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 3
95% rank interval: 1–7
Match-level BT: +1.73
Contested BT: +0.05

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 1,000 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank. Median 3; 95% interval 1–7 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

25%

26%

18%

14%

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rank

GPT-5.5mini-swe-agentOpenAI

1556.1[1493.4, 1616.1]

$27.46

125K

▸

Modelopenai/gpt-5.5Harnessmini-swe-agentReasoning effortmediumProvider(auto-route)

Match record

5W · 3D · 1Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 9
League points: 6.5
Elo (overall): 1556.1
Elo as Red: 1274.6
Elo as Blue: 1852.6
TrueSkill: 29.78 ± 3.10

Duel outcomes

96.4%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 14
Defenses broken (Blue): 4
Defense success: 96.4%
Turns defended: 111

Cost & tokens

$247.18total spend

Generation: $48.38
Validation: $17.15
Match play: $181.65
Cost per match: $27.46
Median cost / turn: $1.21
Output tokens: 1.12M
Tokens per match: 124,739
Median output / turn: 7,333

Strength diagnostics

#4median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 4
95% rank interval: 2–8
Match-level BT: +1.40
Contested BT: +0.13

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 1,000 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank. Median 4; 95% interval 2–8 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

16%

21%

22%

18%

12%

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rank

Kimi-K2.7-Codemini-swe-agentMoonshot AI

1537.5[1476.3, 1601.3]

$11.54

190K

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Modelmoonshotai/kimi-k2.7-codeHarnessmini-swe-agentReasoning effort(default)Provider(auto-route)

Match record

5W · 2D · 2Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 9
League points: 6.0
Elo (overall): 1537.5
Elo as Red: 1337.0
Elo as Blue: 1736.1
TrueSkill: 27.91 ± 3.02

Duel outcomes

88.3%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 21
Defenses broken (Blue): 13
Defense success: 88.3%
Turns defended: 111

Cost & tokens

$103.89total spend

Generation: $42.25
Validation: $7.16
Match play: $54.48
Cost per match: $11.54
Median cost / turn: $0.35
Output tokens: 1.71M
Tokens per match: 189,877
Median output / turn: 8,413

Strength diagnostics

#5median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 5
95% rank interval: 2–8
Match-level BT: +1.08
Contested BT: +0.10

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 1,000 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank. Median 5; 95% interval 2–8 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

15%

20%

18%

12%

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rank

DeepSeek-V4-Promini-swe-agentDeepSeek

1527.7[1456.2, 1596.5]

$9.73

240K

▸

Modeldeepseek/deepseek-v4-proHarnessmini-swe-agentReasoning efforthighProvider(auto-route)

Match record

5W · 1D · 3Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 9
League points: 5.5
Elo (overall): 1527.7
Elo as Red: 1397.5
Elo as Blue: 1715.9
TrueSkill: 27.47 ± 3.26

Duel outcomes

89.9%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 25
Defenses broken (Blue): 11
Defense success: 89.9%
Turns defended: 109

Cost & tokens

$87.55total spend

Generation: $50.50
Validation: $8.38
Match play: $28.67
Cost per match: $9.73
Median cost / turn: $0.21
Output tokens: 2.16M
Tokens per match: 239,858
Median output / turn: 10,050

Strength diagnostics

#6median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 6
95% rank interval: 2–8
Match-level BT: +0.77
Contested BT: +0.03

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 1,000 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank. Median 6; 95% interval 2–8 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

13%

23%

27%

19%

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rank

GLM-5.2mini-swe-agentZ.ai

1513.6[1447.2, 1571.1]

$15.55

159K

▸

Modelz-ai/glm-5.2Harnessmini-swe-agentReasoning efforthighProvider(auto-route)

Match record

4W · 2D · 3Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 9
League points: 5.0
Elo (overall): 1513.6
Elo as Red: 1331.6
Elo as Blue: 1683.3
TrueSkill: 25.61 ± 3.17

Duel outcomes

87.4%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 20
Defenses broken (Blue): 14
Defense success: 87.4%
Turns defended: 111

Cost & tokens

$139.94total spend

Generation: $59.22
Validation: $14.01
Match play: $66.71
Cost per match: $15.55
Median cost / turn: $0.32
Output tokens: 1.43M
Tokens per match: 159,360
Median output / turn: 6,546.5

Strength diagnostics

#6median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 6
95% rank interval: 3–8
Match-level BT: +0.46
Contested BT: +0.06

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 1,000 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank. Median 6; 95% interval 3–8 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

16%

23%

30%

15%

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rank

Qwen3.7-Maxmini-swe-agentAlibaba

1467.9[1412.7, 1538.4]

$12.49

159K

▸

Modelqwen/qwen3.7-maxHarnessmini-swe-agentReasoning effort(default)Provider(auto-route)

Match record

3W · 2D · 5Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 10
League points: 4.0
Elo (overall): 1467.9
Elo as Red: 1267.4
Elo as Blue: 1739.1
TrueSkill: 22.88 ± 3.10

Duel outcomes

87.9%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 19
Defenses broken (Blue): 15
Defense success: 87.9%
Turns defended: 124

Cost & tokens

$124.95total spend

Generation: $47.25
Validation: $12.69
Match play: $65.01
Cost per match: $12.49
Median cost / turn: $0.44
Output tokens: 1.59M
Tokens per match: 158,693
Median output / turn: 7,458.5

Strength diagnostics

#8median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 8
95% rank interval: 5–9
Match-level BT: −0.24
Contested BT: −0.06

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 1,000 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank. Median 8; 95% interval 5–9 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

26%

55%

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rank

Claude Opus 4.8Claude CodeAnthropic

1451.5[1385.1, 1509.8]

$17.91

120K

▸

Modelanthropic/claude-opus-4.8HarnessClaude CodeReasoning effort(default)Provider(auto-route)

Match record

2W · 2D · 6Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 10
League points: 3.0
Elo (overall): 1451.5
Elo as Red: 1245.7
Elo as Blue: 1695.3
TrueSkill: 20.25 ± 3.17

Duel outcomes

83.9%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 11
Defenses broken (Blue): 19
Defense success: 83.9%
Turns defended: 118

Cost & tokens

$179.05total spend

Generation: $42.31
Validation: $14.04
Match play: $122.70
Cost per match: $17.91
Median cost / turn: $0.92
Output tokens: 1.20M
Tokens per match: 119,738
Median output / turn: 6,715.0

Strength diagnostics

#9median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 9
95% rank interval: 8–11
Match-level BT: −2.14
Contested BT: −0.37

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 1,000 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank. Median 9; 95% interval 8–11 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

79%

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rank

Gemini-3.1-Promini-swe-agentGoogle

1423.4[1376.7, 1480.8]

$39.30

252K

▸

Modelgoogle/gemini-3.1-pro-previewHarnessmini-swe-agentReasoning effortmediumProvider(auto-route)

Match record

0W · 1D · 5Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 6
League points: 0.5
Elo (overall): 1423.4
Elo as Red: 1195.4
Elo as Blue: 1416.1
TrueSkill: 13.23 ± 4.01

Duel outcomes

55.7%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 2
Defenses broken (Blue): 31
Defense success: 55.7%
Turns defended: 70

Cost & tokens

$235.82total spend

Generation: $125.86
Validation: $22.39
Match play: $87.56
Cost per match: $39.30
Median cost / turn: $0.59
Output tokens: 1.51M
Tokens per match: 251,683
Median output / turn: 7,766

Strength diagnostics

#12median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 12
95% rank interval: 10–12
Match-level BT: −5.28
Contested BT: −0.69

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 998 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank (2 resample(s) contained none of its matches). Median 12; 95% interval 10–12 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

35%

62%

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rank

Nemotron-3-Ultramini-swe-agentNVIDIA

1424.2[1369.2, 1485.2]

$16.88

194K

▸

Modelnvidia/nemotron-3-ultra-550b-a55bHarnessmini-swe-agentReasoning efforthighProvider(auto-route)

Match record

1W · 2D · 7Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 10
League points: 2.0
Elo (overall): 1424.2
Elo as Red: 1214.8
Elo as Blue: 1672.3
TrueSkill: 15.92 ± 3.45

Duel outcomes

75.6%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 10
Defenses broken (Blue): 31
Defense success: 75.6%
Turns defended: 127

Cost & tokens

$168.81total spend

Generation: $75.21
Validation: $9.79
Match play: $83.82
Cost per match: $16.88
Median cost / turn: $0.52
Output tokens: 1.94M
Tokens per match: 194,236
Median output / turn: 10,203

Strength diagnostics

#10median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 10
95% rank interval: 9–12
Match-level BT: −3.33
Contested BT: +0.10

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 1,000 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank. Median 10; 95% interval 9–12 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

69%

16%

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rank

MiniMax-M3mini-swe-agentMiniMax

1388.9[1324.2, 1453.7]

$7.30

217K

▸

Modelminimax/minimax-m3Harnessmini-swe-agentReasoning effort(default)Provider(auto-route)

Match record

1W · 0D · 10Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 11
League points: 1.0
Elo (overall): 1388.9
Elo as Red: 1097.9
Elo as Blue: 1554.4
TrueSkill: 13.50 ± 3.77

Duel outcomes

67.4%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 3
Defenses broken (Blue): 47
Defense success: 67.4%
Turns defended: 144

Cost & tokens

$80.35total spend

Generation: $37.09
Validation: $3.42
Match play: $39.84
Cost per match: $7.30
Median cost / turn: $0.24
Output tokens: 2.39M
Tokens per match: 217,130
Median output / turn: 11,081.5

Strength diagnostics

#11median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 11
95% rank interval: 9–12
Match-level BT: −4.59
Contested BT: +0.02

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 1,000 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank. Median 11; 95% interval 9–12 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

18%

47%

30%

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rank

GLM-5.3-Flashmini-swe-agentZ.ai

1573.5[1518.0, 1625.3]

$0.65

289K

▸

Modelz-ai/glm-5.3-flashHarnessmini-swe-agentReasoning efforthighProviderz-ai

Match record

5W · 0D · 0Lwin · draw · loss

Matches played: 5
League points: 5.0
Elo (overall): 1573.5
Elo as Red: 1576.5
Elo as Blue: 1692.1
TrueSkill: 36.61 ± 4.39

Duel outcomes

93.1%defense success

Attacks landed (Red): 31
Defenses broken (Blue): 4
Defense success: 93.1%
Turns defended: 58

Cost & tokens

$3.27total spend

Generation: $1.16
Validation: $0.91
Match play: $1.20
Cost per match: $0.65
Median cost / turn: $0.01
Output tokens: 1.45M
Tokens per match: 289,472
Median output / turn: 8,276.5

Strength diagnostics

#1median bootstrap rank

Median rank: 1
95% rank interval: 1–4
Match-level BT: +8.05
Contested BT: +0.49

Bootstrap rank distribution

Share of 992 of 1,000 match-level resamples in which this entrant finished at each rank (8 resample(s) contained none of its matches). Median 1; 95% interval 1–4 (ranks outside it are dimmed).

90%

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rank

bracketed values = 95% percentile CI · 1,000 match-level bootstrap resamples cost & tokens = per-match averages (total spend ÷ matches played) click a row for the full record full methodology ↗